IGNOU BGGCT 132 2026 - Critically discuss the theory of population growth given by Malthus.

Question

Critically discuss the theory of population growth given by Malthus.

27 Mar 2026

Answer :

Word Count : 470

Thomas Robert Malthus, in his “Essay on the Principle of Population” (1798), propounded a theory explaining the relationship between population growth and food supply. He argued that population tends to grow in a geometric progression (1, 2, 4, 8, 16), while food production increases in an arithmetic progression (1, 2, 3, 4, 5). This inherent imbalance, according to Malthus, would inevitably lead to a situation where population outstrips food supply, resulting in poverty, famine, and social distress. Malthus suggested that population growth is controlled by two types of checks: preventive and positive. Preventive checks include moral restraint, delayed marriage, and celibacy, which reduce

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