IGNOU MPYE 3 2026 2027 - Confirmational Holism

Question

Confirmational Holism

09 Jul 2026

Answer :

Word Count : 274

Confirmational holism is the epistemological view that hypotheses are not tested in isolation but only as part of a broader network of interconnected beliefs, assumptions, theories, and background knowledge. It is most closely associated with Pierre Duhem and W. V. O. Quine. Duhem argued that in physics, an experimental test never evaluates a single hypothesis alone because the

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