The Bathtub Curve is a widely used concept in reliability engineering and maintenance management to describe the pattern of failure rates of equipment and components throughout their service life. The graph resembles the shape of a bathtub, with high failure rates at the beginning, a long period of low and stable failure rates in the middle, and an increasing failure rate towards the end of the equipment's useful life. Understanding the Bathtub Curve helps maintenance managers develop effective maintenance strategies, improve equipment reliability, reduce downtime, and optimize maintenance costs. The Bathtub Curve consists of three distinct phases: the infant mortality period, the useful life period, and the wear-out period. Each phase has different characteristics and requires different maintenance approaches. The first phase is known as the infant mortality period or early failure period. During this stage, the failure rate is relatively high because newly installed equipment may have manufacturing defects, poor-quality materials, improper assembly, installation errors, or design weaknesses. Failures during this period are generally not caused by aging but by hidden defects that become apparent during operation. Proper quality control, factory testing, inspection before installation, commissioning procedures, and operator training can significantly reduce early failures. Burn-in testing is also used by manufacturers to identify defective components before products reach customers. The second