Question

 A particular component in a machine is replaced instantaneously on failure. The successive component lifetimes are uniformly distributed over the interval [2, 5] years. Further, planned replacements take place every 3 years.
Compute
i) long-terms rate of replacements.

If the random vector Z be equation, where:
equation
and equation
Find r34, r34.21.ii) long-terms rate of failures.

10 Jan 2026
Answer :
Word Count : 540
The component lifetimes are uniformly distributed over ([2,5]). Let (X) be the lifetime of a component. Then the probability density function is: [ f_X(x) = \frac{1}{5-2} = \frac{1}{3}, \quad 2 \le x \le 5 ] The mean lifetime is: [ E[X] = \frac{2+5}{2} = \frac{7}{2} = 3.5 \text{ years} ] Planned replacements occur every (T = 3) years. The long-term rate of replacements per year, (R), is given by: [ R = \frac{1}{E[\text{time between replacements}]} ] Here, time between replacements is the minimum of the lifetime (X) and planned replacement time (T). So: [ E[\text{time between replacements}] = E[\min(X,3)] ] Since (X \sim U[2,5]): [ E[\min(X,3)] = \int_2^3 x f_X(x) dx + \int_3^5 3 f_X(x) dx ] Compute the first integral: [ \int_2^3 x \cdot \frac{1}{3} dx = \frac{1}{3} \cdot \left[\frac{x^2}{2}\right]_2^3 = \frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(\frac{9}{2}-\frac{4}{2}\right) = \frac{1}{3} \cdot \frac{5}{2} =
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