Ethics, often understood as the systematic study of moral principles that govern human conduct, has a history as rich and diverse as human civilization itself. The concept of ethics emerges from the human quest to distinguish between right and wrong, good and bad, just and unjust. Its roots can be traced back to the earliest philosophical reflections in various civilizations, where the understanding of human behavior was closely intertwined with religious, social, and political norms. In ancient societies, moral guidance was often provided through myths, religious texts, and communal practices, which prescribed codes of conduct that maintained social cohesion and harmony. For instance, in ancient Egypt, ethical living was connected to the principle of Ma’at, emphasizing truth, balance, and justice, which governed both personal and societal life. The formal philosophical inquiry into ethics, however, began in ancient Greece, where thinkers like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle explored questions about the nature of virtue, the good life, and human flourishing. Socrates emphasized the importance of self-knowledge and the examined life, asserting that moral understanding arises through critical reflection and dialogue. Plato extended these ideas, linking ethics to his theory of forms, suggesting that understanding the ideal forms of justice, goodness, and beauty allows humans to live ethically. Aristotle, on the other hand, approached ethics pragmatically through virtue ethics, arguing that ethical behavior consists of cultivating virtues that enable individuals to achieve eudaimonia, or human flourishing. His focus on character development and habitual moral practice continues to influence contemporary ethical thought. Simultaneously, ethical inquiry was developing in other parts of the world. In ancient India, texts like the Upanishads and the Bhagavad Gita explored moral duties, the pursuit of dharma, and the role of karma in shaping ethical