- What is transport phenomenon? Obtain an expression for:
- the average number of molecules crossing an arbitrary plane from either side per
unit area per second is (1/4 )nv
Transport Phenomena is the subject which deals with the movement of different physical quantities in any chemical or mechanical process and describes the basic principles and laws of transport. It also describes the relations and similarities among different types of transport that may occur in any system. Transport in a chemical or mechanical process can be classified into three types:
- Momentum transport deals with the transport of momentum in fluids and is also known as fluid dynamics.
- Energy transport deals with the transport of different forms of energy in a system and is also known as heat transfer.
- Mass transport deals with the transport of various chemical species themselves.
Three different types of physical quantities are used in transport phenomena: scalars (e.g. temperature, pressure and concentration),
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Define first order phase transition. Derive the Clausius-Clapeyron equation. Plot
(a) entropy, and (b) Gibbs function as a function of temperature for a first order phase transition.
What is Gibb’s paradox? Why does it arise? Obtain Sackur-Tetrode equation and
show that it is free from Gibb’s paradox.
The average energy of helium molecules is ¯E = 2.89 ×10−21J. Calculate their average speed (¯v).
- What is transport phenomenon? Obtain an expression for:
- the average number of molecules crossing an arbitrary plane from either side per
unit area per second is (1/4 )nv
the average height at which a molecule makes its last collision before crossing
the plane is
2λ.
3
Define Fermi energy. Show that the expression of Fermi-energy is given by
How it is related with Fermi-temperature.
Write Onne’s equation. Using van der Waals’ equation, obtain an expression of
Boyle temperature (TB) in terms of van der Waals’ constants and hence show that the
Boyle’s temperature is related to critical temperature (TC) through the relation
TB = 3.375TC