Food security is a critical concept in the context of sustainable development and the planning of smart cities. It refers to the condition in which all people, at all times, have physical, social, and economic access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life. Ensuring food security is fundamental to human well-being, economic stability, and social development, and it intersects closely with environmental sustainability, urban planning, and the design of smart city infrastructures. In modern urban contexts, especially in rapidly growing cities, food security is not just a matter of agricultural production but also involves efficient supply chains, equitable distribution, reduced food waste, and integration of technology to optimize resource use and accessibility. Food security has multiple dimensions that together define its comprehensive scope. The most widely recognized framework identifies four major components: availability, access, utilization, and stability. Each of these components plays a crucial role in determining whether a population can achieve adequate nutrition and health outcomes, and their effective integration is essential in sustainable urban planning. The first dimension, food availability, refers to the physical presence of sufficient quantities of food of appropriate quality. It emphasizes production, distribution, and exchange systems that ensure food is reliably present in the locations where it is needed. Urban areas,