Environmental audit is a systematic, documented, periodic and objective evaluation of how well environmental organization, management and equipment are performing with the aim of helping to safeguard the environment by facilitating management control of environmental practices and assessing compliance with environmental policies, laws and standards. Within the framework of institutions, governance and policies, environmental audit acts as an important tool that links regulatory mechanisms, organizational accountability and sustainable decision-making, ensuring that development activities align with environmental protection goals. The first step in conducting an environmental audit is the determination of audit objectives and scope. At this stage, the institution or organization decides why the audit is being conducted and what aspects of environmental performance will be examined. Objectives may include compliance with environmental laws and regulations, assessment of environmental management systems, evaluation of resource use efficiency, or identification of environmental risks and liabilities. The scope defines the boundaries of the audit, such as specific facilities, processes, projects or activities, and determines the time period to be covered. Clear objectives and scope are essential for ensuring that the audit remains focused and relevant to institutional policies and governance requirements. The second step involves the formation of the audit team and assignment of responsibilities. An environmental audit requires a multidisciplinary team with expertise in environmental science, engineering, law, management and policy. Auditors may be internal staff trained in audit procedures or external independent experts to ensure objectivity and credibility. Roles and responsibilities are clearly defined to maintain accountability and transparency, which are core principles of good governance. Independence of auditors from the activities being audited is particularly important to avoid conflicts of interest and to strengthen institutional trust. The third step is the preliminary review or pre-audit assessment. This involves collecting and reviewing relevant background information such as environmental policies, permits, licenses, compliance reports, monitoring data, previous audit reports, environmental impact assessment documents, and standard operating procedures. Legal and regulatory requirements applicable to the organization are also identified at this stage. This review helps auditors understand the institutional and policy context, identify key environmental issues, and design an effective audit plan. It also allows auditors to assess the adequacy of existing governance mechanisms and environmental management systems. The fourth step is the preparation of an audit plan and checklist. Based on the preliminary review, auditors develop a detailed audit plan that outlines audit methods, schedule, data requirements and areas of focus. Checklists are prepared to ensure systematic coverage of environmental aspects such as air and water pollution control, waste management, hazardous material handling, energy use, occupational