General properties of carbohydrates
 

• Carbohydrates act as energy reserves, also stores fuels, and metabolic intermediates.
• Ribose and deoxyribose sugars forms the structural frame of the genetic material, RNA and DNA.
• Polysaccharides like cellulose are the structural elements in the cell walls of bacteria and plants.
• Carbohydrates are linked to proteins and lipids that play important roles in cell interactions.
• Carbohydrates are organic compounds, they are aldehydes or ketones with many hydroxyl groups.

Physical Properties of Carbohydrates

• Steroisomerism - Compound shaving same structural formula but they differ in spatial configuration. Example: Glucose has two isomers with respect to penultimate carbon atom. They are D-glucose and L-glucose.
• Optical Activity - It is the rotation of plane polarized light forming (+) glucose and (-) glucose.
• Diastereo isomeers - It the configurational changes with regard to C2, C3, or C4 in glucose. Example: Mannose, galactose.
• Annomerism - It is the spatial configuration with respect to the first carbon atom in aldoses and second carbon atom in ketoses.

Chemical Properties of Carbohydrates

• Ozazone formation with phenylhydrazine.
• Benedicts test.
• Oxidation
• Reduction to alcohols
• Dietary fiber can also be classified by its ingredient components. These are wide ranging but very well defined classes of chemical entities.
• β-Glucan
• Polymers of glucose containing various bond types between individual glucose units including β-1,4, β-1,3 and β-1,6.
• 
• β-Glucan obtained from barley, oats and yeast is available from Megazyme. High, medium and low viscosity grades are available and these are indicative of the molecular weight range in each product.
• Galactomannan
• Polymers of β-1,4 linked mannose units with varying degrees of α-1,6 galactosyl substitution. The ratio of galactose to mannose determines the polysaccharide identity.
• 
  
• 
• Galactomannan obtained from carob, guar and konjac is available from Megazyme. High, medium and low viscosity grades are available and these are indicative of the molecular weight range in each product.
• Arabinoxylan
• ________ _________ ______ _______ ____ ______.
  ____ ____ _________ _______ ________ ____ ________ _________ ___ _________.
  _________ ______ ____ ___ _________ __________.
  _____ _______ __________ ________ ____ ___ __________ ______ __________.
  __________ __________ ________ _____ ____ _______ ________ _______ __________ ______ ___.
  _____ _________ _________ __________ _________ _______.
  ____ _____ _______ ___ ________ _______ ___ ___ _________ ____.
  _____ ______ _______ _________ _______ __________ ___ __________.
  ____ _______ __________ __________ _________ __________.
  _______ ____ ________ ________ ____.
  ____ __________ ____ ______ ______ ______ _________ __________ _____.
  __________ __________ ______ ____ ___ ___ ______ _______ _______.
  ____ ________ ____ _______ ________ ____.
  __________ ___ ___ _____ ____ ____.
  __________ __________ ____ _________ _______ _________.
  ________ ____ ____ __________ ________ __________ _______ _______ _____ _________.
  _____ ______ ______ _____ ____ _______ __________ ________ ___.
  _________ ____ ____ __________ __________ _________.
  __________ ___ ________ ___ _________ _____ ____ _________ ____.
  ______ ___ ______ _____ _____ _____ ________ ______ ______ __________.
  _________ ___ ____ ____ _______ _______.
  _____ ___ __________ _______ ______ __________ _______ ________ ____ _____ ____.
  _______ _________ ______ ____ _________ _____ _______ ______ _______ __________ __________ _________.
  ____ _____ ____ __________ _______ ________ ____ _____ __________ ____ __________.
  ______ ___ _____ ____ ____ _______ ________ ________ _____ _____ _______ _______.
  ____ ________ __________ ________ ____ _____ __________ _____ ______ ____ _____.
  ________ __________ _________ _______ ________ __________ _______ ________.
  _____ _______ ____ ________ _______ _________ ______ ____ _____ _________ _______.
  ________ __________ _____ ___ _______ ________.
  _________ _______ _______ _______ _________ _________ ___ __________ _____.
  _____ ________ _______ _____ _________ _________ ____ _____ _____ _______ ________.
  _____ ________ ________ _________ ____ _____ _______ ____.
  __________ ________ _________ __________ ____ ____ ______ ____ ___ ___ ____.
  ____ ______ ______ __________ ___ ______ _________ _____.
  __________ ____ __________ ________ ____ ______ ______ _________.
  ______ ______ _____ _______ ________ _______ __________.
  ____ _______ ____ ___ _____ __________ ____ _________ ____ _________ ________ ___.
  __________ _________ ________ __________ __________ ____ ________ __________ _______ ______ _______ _____.
  ____ __________ _______ ______ ____ ___ _______ _________ ________ _____ _______.
  ___ ___ ___ __________ _________ _________.
  __________ ______ _____ __________ _____ ______ ________.
  ______ _______ ____ _______ _____ _______ ___ __________ ___ _________ __________ ______.
  ______ __________ ________ _______ _____ _________.
  ____ ______ __________ ________ _____.
  ____ ______ _________ _______ _______ _____ ___ ___ __________ __________.
  _____ ___ _________ _________ ______.
  ___ _______ _________ _____ _________ _______ _______ ______ _______.
  _____ _______ __________ ___ __________ _____ _________ __________.
  ____ ____ _________ _________ _____ __________ _________ _____ ____.
  _______ _______ ________ _____ __________ ________ ___ ___ ______.
  _____ ___ _________ _____ ________.
  ______ __________ ____ _______ __________ _______.
  ____ __________ ____ ________ _____ ______ ______.
  ___ ____ _____ _________ _____ _____ _______ ________.
  ______ ___ ________ ______ _______.
  _______ ____ ____ ______ ___ ________ ____ __________ ___ ___ __________ _______.
  _____ __________ ____ ______ _________ _____ _____ ______ _____ ________ ____.
  ______ ____ ___ _____ ________.
  _____ ________ ____ ____ _______ _________.
  ____ ________ _____ _______ ___ _______ _________ _______ ________ _________ _______.
  _______ ___ _______ ___ ___ _______ ___ __________ ________ _______ ___.
  ____ _______ _______ ________ _________ _____ __________ ___.
  __________ ________ ______ ________ ____ ___.
  _____ ________ ____ ___ _____.
  ______ ________ _________ ____ ___ ____ ____ _______ _______ _______.
  _________ _____ _____ ____ ____ ___.
  ____ ________ ______ __________ ____ ______.
  _____ _______ ________ ________ _____ ___ ___ ________ _________ _______.
  ______ ______ _____ _______ _________ ____ _________ _________ __________ _____.
  ____ ___ ________ _______ ____ ______ ______ ___ ____ ______ __________ _______.
  __________ ____ _____ _____ _______.
  _________ _____ ___ ______ ____ _____ _____.
  ______ ______ ___ _________ ______ __________ ____ _____ _____ ____.
  _________ ____ ______ __________ __________ ________ _______.
  _____ ______ _________ _________ ___ ______ ___ ______.
  ______ ________ ________ ____ _____.
  _________ ___ _____ ___ _______ __________ _______ ________.
  _________ ____ ____ ______ ______ _______ _____.
  __________ ____ ___ _____ ______.
  ________ ___ ____ ____ ______ ___ ______ ____.
  ____ _____ ________ _________ ____ ________ ________ _____ _________.
  _______ ________ _______ __________ __________ ________ _________ ______ _______ ___ ________ _______.
  _________ _________ _______ _________ ________ _________ ____.
  
  ×

  IGNOU ACADEMY

  Your IGNOU journey, made easier.

  • Solved Assignments
  • Study Notes
  • Guess Papers
  • Question Papers

  Call Us WhatsApp

  STUDY • PREPARE • SUCCEED

  Skip in 10
  Continue Reading — It's Free

  Sign in with Google to unlock more of this answer.

  ✓ Free access
  ✓ Unlock up to 60% of the answer
  ✓ No payment required

  Quick Google sign-in. No separate registration form.