Climate change has emerged as a defining challenge of the 21st century, affecting natural systems, economic stability, and human well-being. Among its wide-ranging consequences, the impact on public health infrastructure is especially profound and multifaceted. Public health infrastructure comprises hospitals, clinics, laboratories, water and sanitation systems, emergency response mechanisms, disease surveillance, and healthcare workforce—all of which are increasingly vulnerable to climatic disruptions. As global temperatures rise, extreme weather events become more frequent, and ecosystems shift, the burden on public health systems is growing, necessitating adaptive strategies and significant investments in resilience. One of the primary ways in which climate change impacts public health infrastructure is through the increased incidence and spread of infectious diseases. Warmer temperatures, altered precipitation patterns, and increased humidity create favorable environments for the breeding of disease vectors such as mosquitoes and ticks. Diseases like malaria, dengue, chikungunya, Zika, and Lyme disease are now appearing in regions where they were previously absent or rare. This expansion places pressure on public health systems that may not be equipped to detect or manage these diseases. Laboratories require new diagnostic tools, surveillance systems must be extended to track outbreaks, and healthcare personnel need training in managing unfamiliar pathogens. Climate change also contributes to the increased frequency and severity of extreme weather events such as heatwaves, floods, hurricanes, and wildfires, each of which has profound implications for health infrastructure. Heatwaves can lead to spikes in heatstroke, cardiovascular events, and respiratory illnesses, overwhelming emergency departments and intensive care units. In vulnerable areas without adequate cooling infrastructure, these events can result in significant mortality, particularly among the elderly and people with pre-existing health conditions. Floods, meanwhile, damage hospitals, contaminate water supplies, and create conditions conducive to waterborne diseases like cholera and leptospirosis. The displacement of populations during such events also disrupts routine healthcare services, including maternal and child health, immunization programs, and chronic disease management. Rising sea levels pose another serious threat to coastal health infrastructure. Inundation from sea-level rise can permanently damage facilities, especially in low-lying island nations and delta regions. Saltwater intrusion into freshwater supplies undermines water quality, increasing the risk of gastrointestinal diseases and complicating medical sterilization and sanitation procedures. Moreover, the relocation of facilities away from vulnerable zones entails significant costs and logistical challenges, affecting service delivery in already underserved regions. Air quality deterioration is another consequence of climate change that directly impacts public health and the infrastructure required to address it. Higher temperatures increase the concentration of ground-level ozone and other pollutants, exacerbating respiratory conditions such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and bronchitis. In addition, wildfires, driven by