The International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank are two of the most significant institutions in the global economic order, established at the Bretton Woods Conference in 1944 with the aim of ensuring stability in international finance and promoting economic development. Though they share a common origin, their functions diverge significantly, reflecting their distinct mandates in international relations and global economic governance. The primary function of the IMF is to ensure stability in the international monetary system. It does this by monitoring global economic trends, exchange rate policies, and balance of payments positions of member states. Surveillance is one of its crucial roles, as the IMF provides policy advice and early warnings to prevent crises. When member countries face short-term balance of payments difficulties, the IMF provides financial assistance in the form of loans to stabilize economies and restore confidence in financial markets. These loans are usually conditional, requiring borrowing countries to implement structural adjustments and economic reforms, such as fiscal discipline, reduction in subsidies, and liberalization of trade and investment.