IGNOU MSE 33 2026 2027 - : Explain the following:a) XML digital signatures with their types a

Question

: Explain the following:
a) XML digital signatures with their types and structure
b) Web Application Audit Tool

30 Jul 2026

Answer :

Word Count : 746

XML Digital Signature is a standard developed by the W3C and IETF to ensure the authenticity, integrity, and non-repudiation of XML documents and web-based communications. It enables the recipient to verify that the data has not been altered during transmission and confirms the identity of the sender. XML Digital Signatures are widely used in web services, e-governance applications, SOAP messages, e-commerce, SAML authentication, and secure document exchange. The process of creating an XML Digital Signature involves generating a hash (digest) of the selected XML data using a cryptographic hash algorithm such as SHA-256. This digest is then encrypted using the sender's private key to create the digital signature. Upon receiving the document, the receiver decrypts the signature using the sender's public key, computes a new digest of the received document, and compares it with the decrypted digest. If both values match, the document is verified as authentic and unchanged. There are three main types of XML Digital Signatures: Enveloped Signature: In this type, the digital signature is embedded within the XML document that it signs. The Signature element becomes part of the original XML document. This type is commonly used in electronic forms, invoices, and business documents where the signature is

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