The evolution of management thought reflects the continuous effort to improve organizational efficiency, productivity, and adaptability in changing industrial environments. Scientific management, developed in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, marked the beginning of systematic management theory. Frederick W. Taylor, known as the father of scientific management, emphasized time studies, standardization of tools and tasks, and the scientific selection and training of workers. His principles focused on improving labor productivity through careful measurement and division of work. Frank and Lillian Gilbreth contributed motion studies to eliminate unnecessary movements, while Henry L. Gantt introduced the Gantt chart, which remains an essential project scheduling and control tool in industrial project management. Following scientific management, administrative management theory emerged, focusing on organizational structure and managerial functions. Henri Fayol identified five functions of management: planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating, and controlling. He also proposed fourteen principles of management such as unity of command, division of work, scalar chain, and discipline, which are foundational to project governance and control strategies. Max Weber introduced the concept of bureaucracy, advocating a formal organizational structure characterized by clear hierarchies, rules, and impersonal relationships to ensure efficiency and consistency in large industrial enterprises. The human relations movement developed in response to the limitations of classical theories that viewed workers