Conservation agriculture has emerged as an important approach for promoting sustainable food production while simultaneously addressing the pressing challenges of climate change. Soil plays a critical role in climate regulation because it is one of the largest natural carbon sinks. Enhancing soil organic carbon not only contributes to the mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions but also strengthens the resilience of agricultural systems by improving soil health, water retention, and nutrient availability. Practices under conservation agriculture focus on reducing soil disturbance, maintaining soil cover, and promoting crop diversification, all of which directly or indirectly improve the organic matter content in soils. By integrating these methods into farming systems, it becomes possible to mitigate climate change through carbon sequestration while also adapting to its impacts by creating more resilient agroecosystems. One of the most significant practices in conservation agriculture that supports the enhancement of soil organic carbon is minimal or zero tillage. Traditional plowing or deep tillage disrupts soil aggregates, accelerates organic matter decomposition, and exposes carbon stored in soils to oxidation, leading to carbon losses in the form of carbon dioxide emissions. Zero tillage, on the other hand, reduces soil disturbance, allowing organic matter to remain stable within soil aggregates. Over time, this leads to higher carbon storage, improved soil structure, and better water infiltration. Zero tillage also helps reduce erosion losses, which often carry away nutrient-rich topsoil, further protecting the organic matter in soils. From a climate change perspective, minimal tillage is a dual strategy—it sequesters carbon to mitigate greenhouse gas accumulation while also conserving soil moisture, which is crucial for adaptation during periods of erratic rainfall. Another essential practice is the maintenance of permanent soil cover, often achieved through cover cropping or mulching. When soils are left bare after harvesting, they are vulnerable to erosion by wind and water, which accelerates the loss of organic matter. Cover crops, such as legumes, grasses, or even crop residues left as mulch, provide a protective layer over the soil surface. This reduces evaporation losses, lowers soil temperatures, and prevents erosion, thereby preserving soil carbon. Furthermore, cover crops contribute organic residues that decompose and enrich the soil carbon pool. Leguminous cover crops have an added advantage