Conservation agriculture has emerged as a sustainable approach to managing soils, crops, and natural resources in a way that mitigates and adapts to climate change. At its core, conservation agriculture emphasizes minimal soil disturbance, permanent soil cover, and diversified crop rotations. These principles not only contribute to sustainable production but also play a crucial role in enhancing soil organic carbon and soil health. Soil organic carbon is central to soil fertility, water retention, and resilience to climate variability, making its conservation and enhancement a priority for both farmers and environmental sustainability. By adopting conservation agricultural practices, the dual goals of improving agricultural productivity and contributing to climate change mitigation through carbon sequestration can be achieved. One of the most significant conservation practices is reduced or zero tillage. Conventional ploughing exposes soil organic matter to oxidation, leading to the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. In contrast, minimal tillage leaves crop residues on the surface, reduces soil disturbance, and enhances the stability of soil aggregates. These conditions allow soil organic carbon to accumulate in the upper soil layers. Over time, reduced tillage improves soil structure, increases water infiltration, reduces erosion, and supports microbial activity, all of which enhance soil health. Studies across different agroecosystems have shown that soils under no-till management have higher levels of organic carbon compared to intensively tilled soils, highlighting its importance as a mitigation practice. The use of cover crops is another practice that contributes significantly to soil organic carbon enhancement. Cover crops such as legumes, grasses, or brassicas are planted in between main cropping cycles to provide continuous soil cover and living root systems. These plants capture atmospheric carbon through photosynthesis and transfer it into the soil via root exudates and decomposed biomass. Leguminous cover crops further contribute by fixing atmospheric nitrogen, reducing dependence on synthetic fertilizers, and improving nutrient cycling. The presence of cover crops also prevents soil erosion, reduces nutrient leaching, and maintains soil moisture, all of which contribute to healthier soils. By maintaining year-round biological activity in the soil, cover crops support microbial diversity and organic matter accumulation. Crop diversification through rotations is another cornerstone of conservation agriculture. Continuous monocropping tends to deplete specific nutrients and reduce soil biological diversity, whereas rotations introduce varied root systems and residue qualities into the soil. For instance, rotating cereals with legumes not only balances nutrient demands but also increases soil nitrogen and carbon levels. Different crops contribute differently to soil organic matter, and when managed in rotation, they enrich soil with diverse