Primary data collection is a fundamental step in research methodology, as it involves gathering original information directly from sources to address specific research questions. The choice of method depends on the research objectives, nature of the data required, and the resources available. Among the widely used methods, surveys and questionnaires are the most common. Surveys involve structured instruments with a set of predetermined questions, often administered to a large population either online, face-to-face, or via telephone. They provide quantifiable data that can be statistically analyzed, and the design of questions—whether open-ended or close-ended—affects the quality and type of data collected. Questionnaires, a variant of surveys, allow respondents to provide information at their convenience, reducing interviewer bias but requiring careful wording to avoid misinterpretation. Interviews represent another vital method, offering in-depth insights through direct interaction with participants. Interviews can be structured, semi-structured, or unstructured. Structured interviews strictly follow a questionnaire format, ensuring consistency across respondents, whereas semi-structured interviews allow flexibility to probe deeper into responses. Unstructured interviews are informal and conversational,