Electronic Fund Transfer (EFT) refers to the digital movement of money from one bank account to another without the direct use of paper-based instruments such as cheques or cash. It is a fundamental component of e-commerce and cyberspace transactions, enabling individuals, businesses, and governments to conduct financial activities efficiently across digital networks. EFT systems operate through secure electronic platforms, banking networks, and payment gateways that allow funds to be transferred quickly, accurately, and with minimal human intervention. As online commercial activities expand, EFT has become an essential mechanism supporting electronic payments, online shopping, salary deposits, bill payments, and international trade. EFT works through computerized systems that connect financial institutions and payment processors. When a user initiates a transfer, the transaction request is transmitted electronically to the bank’s system, which verifies account details, authenticates the user, checks sufficient balance, and processes the transaction. The transfer information travels through payment networks such as Automated Clearing House (ACH), Real Time Gross Settlement (RTGS), National Electronic Funds Transfer (NEFT), Immediate Payment Service (IMPS), or global card networks depending on the transaction type and urgency. Once the receiving bank accepts the transfer, funds are credited to the beneficiary’s account, and digital confirmation is provided to both parties. Encryption, authentication mechanisms, and secure communication protocols ensure that financial data remains protected throughout the process. Several types of EFT systems exist to meet different commercial needs. Automated Teller Machine (ATM) transfers allow users to move funds or withdraw money electronically. Debit and credit card transactions represent another form of EFT, where payments are processed instantly during online or in-store purchases. Internet banking and mobile banking platforms enable customers to transfer funds directly from their accounts using smartphones or computers. Direct deposit systems allow employers and government agencies to transfer salaries, pensions, or benefits directly into recipients’ accounts. Electronic bill payment services automate recurring payments for utilities, subscriptions, and loans, enhancing financial management for users. Wire transfers provide rapid, often same-day movement of large amounts of money domestically or internationally. In the context of e-commerce, EFT plays a central role by enabling seamless online transactions between buyers and sellers. Payment gateways integrate with merchant websites to process customer payments through digital wallets, bank transfers, or