The Banking Ombudsman Scheme, introduced by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), provides an expeditious and cost-effective mechanism for the redressal of consumer grievances relating to banking services. It serves as an important institutional framework within the broader domain of consumer protection, ensuring accountability, transparency, and fairness in banking operations. A consumer, defined as a customer of a bank, can approach the Banking Ombudsman for resolution of complaints arising from deficiencies in banking services. The grounds for filing complaints under the scheme are comprehensive and reflect the evolving nature of banking transactions and customer expectations. One of the primary grounds for complaint is non-payment or inordinate delay in the payment or collection of cheques, drafts, bills, and other instruments. Customers often face inconvenience due to delays in clearing processes or wrongful dishonour of cheques, which may affect their financial credibility. Similarly, complaints can arise from non-acceptance of small denomination notes or coins without valid reason, as well as refusal to accept or issue currency notes as per RBI guidelines. Another significant ground relates to deficiencies in banking services such as failure to provide promised facilities. This includes non-adherence to working hours, failure to render services within a reasonable time, or non-compliance with RBI directives. Customers may also file complaints when banks impose unfair or excessive charges without proper disclosure.