e-Governance in smart cities represents a transformative approach to urban management, leveraging digital technologies to enhance the efficiency, transparency, and responsiveness of government services. It is an essential component of smart city development, aiming to provide citizens with accessible, seamless, and effective governance while promoting sustainable development. By integrating information and communication technology (ICT) into the administration, e-Governance facilitates real-time data collection, analysis, and decision-making, allowing urban authorities to address complex urban challenges more effectively. One of the key characteristics of e-Governance in smart cities is the digitization of public services. Citizens can access a wide range of services online, including payment of utility bills, issuance of permits, property registration, and grievance redressal. This digital interface reduces bureaucratic delays, minimizes the need for physical visits, and ensures that services are available 24/7. For example, in cities like Singapore and Barcelona, e-Governance platforms enable residents to submit complaints about municipal issues, track the status of their requests, and receive timely updates. Such systems enhance citizen participation and create a sense of accountability among government officials. Another crucial aspect of e-Governance is data-driven decision-making. Smart cities generate enormous volumes of data through sensors, IoT devices, mobile applications, and social media platforms. E-Governance frameworks utilize this data to monitor urban infrastructure, manage resources efficiently, and predict future needs. For instance, traffic management systems use real-time traffic data to optimize signal timings, reduce congestion, and lower carbon emissions, contributing directly to sustainable urban development. Similarly, environmental monitoring tools track air and water quality, enabling authorities to implement policies that mitigate pollution and promote a healthier urban environment. Interoperability and integration of various government departments are also central to e-Governance in smart cities. Traditionally, public administration has been fragmented, leading to redundancy, inefficiency, and miscommunication. Smart city platforms integrate departments such