Question
Benzotriazole is nitrated
Answer :
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Benzotriazole undergoes nitration through electrophilic substitution, but its reactivity pattern differs from benzene because of the fused triazole ring containing three electron-withdrawing nitrogens. These nitrogens decrease the overall electron density of the aromatic system, making the benzene ring moderately deactivated toward typical nitration conditions. As a result, nitration usually requires stronger conditions such as a mixture of concentrated nitric and sulfuric acids or fuming nitric acid. The directing influence of the triazole ring plays a crucial role; it withdraws
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