Question
विभिन्न वैधानिक कल्याण प्रावधानों की सूची प्रस्तुत कीजिए। कर्मचारी राज्य बीमा अधिनियम (Employees' State Insurance Act) की संक्षेप में विस्तारपूर्वक व्याख्या कीजिए।
Answer :
Word Count : 843
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विभिन्न वैधानिक कल्याण प्रावधानों में भारत सरकार द्वारा कर्मचारियों के हितों को सुरक्षित करने और उन्हें कार्यस्थल पर बेहतर जीवन परिस्थितियाँ प्रदान करने के लिए कई कानून बनाए गए हैं। इन प्रावधानों का उद्देश्य श्रमिकों की सुरक्षा और उनके सामाजिक कल्याण को सुनिश्चित करना है। इनमें से कुछ प्रमुख प्रावधान निम्नलिखित हैं: 1. कर्मचारी राज्य बीमा अधिनियम (Employees' State Insurance Act) यह अधिनियम 1948 में लागू हुआ था और इसका उद्देश्य औद्योगिक श्रमिकों और उनके परिवारों को स्वास्थ्य, चिकित्सा, और दुर्घटना के दौरान सुरक्षा प्रदान करना है। इसके तहत कर्मचारी को मेडिकल, बीमारी, मातृत्व, मृत्यु या दुर्घटना के मामले में वित्तीय सहायता प्रदान की जाती है। 2. कर्मचारी भविष्य निधि और विविध प्रावधान अधिनियम (Employees' Provident Funds and Miscellaneous Provisions Act) यह अधिनियम कर्मचारियों के भविष्य के लिए एक प्रकार का बचत योजना है। इसमें कर्मचारी और नियोक्ता दोनों एक निश्चित प्रतिशत का योगदान करते हैं, जिसे कर्मचारियों के रिटायरमेंट या अन्य आकस्मिक स्थितियों के लिए जमा किया जाता है। 3. मूल्य वर्धित कर (Gratuity Act) यह अधिनियम कर्मचारियों को लंबी सेवा के बाद उनके योगदान के लिए एक निश्चित राशि प्रदान करता है। यह राशि कर्मचारी के सेवा समाप्ति, रिटायरमेंट या मृत्यु पर
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