Question
मगध के उदय के कारणों का स्पष्ट कोजिए।
Answer :
Word Count : 733
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उत्तर वैदिक काल के अंत तक उत्तर भारत में अनेक महाजनपदों का उदय हो चुका था। इनमें मगध ने क्रमशः अपनी शक्ति का विस्तार करते हुए एक ऐसे साम्राज्य का निर्माण किया जिसने आगे चलकर मौर्य साम्राज्य की नींव रखी। छठी से चौथी शताब्दी ईसा पूर्व के बीच मगध के उत्थान के पीछे अनेक भौगोलिक, आर्थिक, राजनीतिक, सैन्य तथा प्रशासनिक कारण कार्यरत थे। मगध की भौगोलिक स्थिति उसके उत्थान का सबसे महत्वपूर्ण कारण थी। यह वर्तमान दक्षिणी बिहार के क्षेत्र में स्थित था तथा गंगा, सोन, पुनपुन और फल्गु जैसी नदियों से घिरा हुआ था। इन नदियों ने सिंचाई, परिवहन, व्यापार तथा संचार को सुगम बनाया। गंगा घाटी की उपजाऊ जलोढ़ मिट्टी ने कृषि उत्पादन में वृद्धि की, जिससे राज्य की आय तथा जनसंख्या दोनों में विस्तार हुआ। साथ ही राजगृह की प्राकृतिक पहाड़ियों ने इसे सुरक्षित राजधानी का स्वरूप प्रदान किया। प्राकृतिक संसाधनों की प्रचुरता ने भी मगध को अन्य महाजनपदों की तुलना में अधिक सुदृढ़ बनाया। छोटानागपुर के पठारी क्षेत्र के निकट होने के कारण मगध को
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