Question
संयुक्त उद्यम और रणनीतिक गठबंधन
Answer :
Word Count : 554
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अंतरराष्ट्रीय व्यवसाय के क्षेत्र में कंपनियाँ अपने व्यापार का विस्तार, नए बाजारों में प्रवेश, तकनीकी क्षमता प्राप्त करने तथा जोखिमों को कम करने के लिए विभिन्न प्रकार की सहयोगात्मक रणनीतियाँ अपनाती हैं। संयुक्त उद्यम और रणनीतिक गठबंधन ऐसी ही महत्वपूर्ण रणनीतियाँ हैं। इनके माध्यम से दो या दो से अधिक स्वतंत्र कंपनियाँ अपने संसाधनों, ज्ञान, तकनीक, पूंजी और बाजार संबंधी क्षमताओं को साझा करके पारस्परिक लाभ प्राप्त करती हैं। संयुक्त उद्यम (Joint Venture) एक ऐसी व्यावसायिक व्यवस्था है जिसमें दो या दो से अधिक कंपनियाँ किसी विशेष व्यवसाय, परियोजना या बाजार के लिए मिलकर एक नई व्यावसायिक इकाई स्थापित करती हैं। इसमें भागीदार कंपनियाँ पूंजी, तकनीक, प्रबंधन कौशल, मानव संसाधन और अन्य संसाधनों का योगदान करती हैं तथा लाभ और जोखिम को पूर्व निर्धारित अनुपात में साझा करती हैं। उदाहरण के लिए, किसी
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