Question
संघर्ष प्रबंधन के कुछ दृष्टिकोणों पर चर्चा कीजिए।
Answer :
Word Count : 1011
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संघर्ष मानव समाज का एक स्वाभाविक और अपरिहार्य पक्ष है। व्यक्ति, समूह, संगठन और राष्ट्र अपने-अपने हितों, मूल्यों, संसाधनों और दृष्टिकोणों के कारण संघर्ष की स्थिति में आते हैं। संघर्ष को केवल नकारात्मक घटना मानना उचित नहीं है, क्योंकि यदि इसे सही ढंग से प्रबंधित किया जाए तो यह परिवर्तन, नवाचार और सामाजिक विकास का माध्यम भी बन सकता है। इसी संदर्भ में संघर्ष प्रबंधन के विभिन्न दृष्टिकोण विकसित हुए हैं, जो संघर्ष की प्रकृति, स्तर और संदर्भ के अनुसार उसके समाधान या रूपांतरण का मार्ग सुझाते हैं। संघर्ष प्रबंधन का पारंपरिक दृष्टिकोण संघर्ष को अवांछनीय और हानिकारक मानता है। इस दृष्टिकोण के अनुसार संघर्ष सामाजिक व्यवस्था, संगठनात्मक अनुशासन और सामंजस्य को भंग करता है, इसलिए इसे टालना या शीघ्र समाप्त करना आवश्यक है। इस दृष्टिकोण में नियंत्रण, अनुशासन, नियमों के कठोर पालन और प्राधिकरण के प्रयोग पर बल दिया जाता है। प्रबंधक या नेतृत्वकर्ता को यह जिम्मेदारी दी जाती है कि वह संघर्ष को दबाए या समाप्त करे। यद्यपि यह दृष्टिकोण तात्कालिक शांति स्थापित कर सकता है, परंतु यह संघर्ष के मूल कारणों को अनदेखा कर देता है, जिससे भविष्य में अधिक गंभीर संघर्ष उत्पन्न होने की संभावना बनी रहती है। आधुनिक दृष्टिकोण संघर्ष को एक स्वाभाविक और अपरिहार्य प्रक्रिया के रूप में स्वीकार करता है। इसके अनुसार, विविधताओं से भरे
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