Question
संख्यात्मक गुणसूत्र विपथन का वर्णन करें।
Answer :
Word Count : 418
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Skip in 10
संख्यात्मक गुणसूत्र विपथन (Numerical chromosomal aberrations) ऐसी अवस्थाएँ हैं जिनमें किसी जीव की कोशिकाओं में गुणसूत्रों की संख्या सामान्य द्विगुणित संख्या से अधिक या कम हो जाती है। सामान्यतः मनुष्यों में 46 गुणसूत्र होते हैं, जो 23 जोड़ों में व्यवस्थित रहते हैं, परंतु जब मियोसिस या माइटोसिस के दौरान गुणसूत्रों का सही प्रकार से पृथक्करण नहीं होता, तब संख्यात्मक असामान्यताएँ उत्पन्न हो जाती हैं। इस प्रक्रिया को नॉनडिस्जंक्शन कहा जाता है, जिसमें समजात गुणसूत्र या बहन क्रोमैटिड्स अलग नहीं हो पाते और परिणामस्वरूप बनने वाली गैमेट्स में गुणसूत्रों की संख्या असामान्य हो
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