Model organisms are species extensively studied to understand biological processes that are broadly applicable to other organisms, including humans. *Drosophila melanogaster* (fruit fly) is one of the most widely used model organisms in genetics due to its short life cycle, high reproductive rate, and well-characterized genome. Its life cycle is approximately 10–12 days from egg to adult, allowing rapid observation of multiple generations and inheritance patterns. The organism has only four pairs of chromosomes, which simplifies genetic analysis and mapping. Many visible phenotypic traits such as eye color, wing shape, and body pigmentation make it easy to observe mutations without sophisticated equipment. The availability of numerous mutant strains and powerful genetic tools such as balancer chromosomes, transposable elements, and CRISPR-based editing has enabled researchers to study gene function, developmental pathways, and genetic regulation. A large proportion of human disease-related genes have homologs in *Drosophila*, making it highly suitable for modeling neurodegenerative disorders, cancer biology, and developmental abnormalities. Its well-established embryonic development and segmentation patterns have been critical in identifying homeotic genes and understanding gene regulation during morphogenesis. Additionally, its relatively simple