Question
भारत में पर्यावरणीय प्रभाव आकलन (EIA) प्रक्रियाओं पर उपयुक्त उदाहरणों सहित विस्तार से चर्चा करें।
Answer :
Word Count : 504
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पर्यावरणीय प्रभाव आकलन (Environmental Impact Assessment – EIA) एक ऐसी प्रक्रिया है जिसका उद्देश्य किसी विकासात्मक परियोजना या योजना के संभावित पर्यावरणीय प्रभावों का पूर्वानुमान करना और उन्हें न्यूनतम करने के उपाय सुझाना होता है। भारत में EIA प्रक्रिया का महत्व इसलिए बढ़ गया है क्योंकि तेजी से बढ़ती जनसंख्या, औद्योगिकीकरण, शहरीकरण और बुनियादी ढांचे के विकास से पर्यावरण पर दबाव बढ़ा है। भारत में EIA प्रक्रिया का प्रारंभ 1970 के दशक में हुआ, लेकिन इसे औपचारिक रूप से 1994 में केंद्रीय प्रदूषण नियंत्रण बोर्ड और पर्यावरण मंत्रालय द्वारा Notification के माध्यम से लागू किया गया। 2006 में इसे संशोधित कर और मजबूत किया गया तथा इसके तहत सभी बड़ी और
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