Question
ग्रामीण परिवेश में स्वयं-सहायता समूहों (SHGs) के गठन के चरणों को समझाएं।
Answer :
Word Count : 672
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Skip in 10
स्वयं-सहायता समूह (Self-Help Group–SHG) ग्रामीण विकास, महिला सशक्तिकरण, वित्तीय समावेशन तथा सामुदायिक नेतृत्व को बढ़ावा देने का प्रभावी माध्यम है। यह समान सामाजिक एवं आर्थिक परिस्थितियों वाले 10 से 20 सदस्यों का स्वैच्छिक समूह होता है, जो नियमित बचत, आंतरिक ऋण, सामूहिक निर्णय तथा आत्मनिर्भरता के सिद्धांतों पर कार्य करता है। ग्रामीण परिवेश में स्वयं-सहायता समूहों का गठन एक सुव्यवस्थित प्रक्रिया के माध्यम से किया जाता है, जिससे समूह दीर्घकाल तक प्रभावी ढंग से कार्य कर सके। सबसे पहला चरण समुदाय का सर्वेक्षण एवं आवश्यकता की पहचान है। इस चरण में गाँव की सामाजिक, आर्थिक तथा सांस्कृतिक परिस्थितियों का अध्ययन किया जाता है। यह देखा जाता है कि किन परिवारों की आय कम है, किन महिलाओं या अन्य वर्गों को आर्थिक सहायता एवं रोजगार की आवश्यकता है तथा किन क्षेत्रों में सामूहिक प्रयासों की आवश्यकता है। इस प्रक्रिया में ग्राम सभा, स्थानीय नेतृत्व तथा सामाजिक कार्यकर्ताओं की महत्वपूर्ण
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