The concept of a therapeutic alliance refers to the collaborative and purposeful relationship that develops between a counsellor and a client during the counselling process. It is one of the most important psychological foundations of effective counselling because positive therapeutic change depends not only on counselling techniques but also on the quality of the relationship between the counsellor and the client. A strong therapeutic alliance creates a safe environment in which the client can express thoughts, feelings, conflicts, fears and personal experiences without fear of criticism or rejection. The therapeutic alliance is generally based on three major elements: mutual agreement about the goals of counselling, agreement about the tasks or methods used to achieve those goals, and the development of a trusting and supportive bond between the counsellor and the client. The goals provide direction to counselling, while the tasks involve the activities through which the client works towards change. The emotional bond develops through trust, acceptance, empathy, respect and understanding. From the perspective of the psychological basis of counselling, the therapeutic alliance is closely associated with principles of human behaviour and interpersonal relationships. Carl Rogers particularly emphasized the importance of empathy, genuineness and unconditional positive regard. According to the person-centred approach, clients are