Give three salient features each of the educational ideas of the following pioneers:
i. Tagore
ii. Montessori
(i). Tagore was one of the first in India to argue for a humane educational systems that was in close touch with the environment and aimed at an overall development of the personality. He envisaged education for harmony and artistic self-expression. In general, Tagore envisioned an education that was deeply rooted in one's immediate surroundings but connected to the cultures of the wider world. He propagated that the learning of a child must be filled with joy and pleasure. He wanted his students to become universal men and women and to overcome feelings of narrow nationalism in order that the . world could live and grow in peace and fellowship.
According to Tagore, the main aim of education is to achieve fulfilment and completeness. In other words, education should aim at promoting an all-round development of children and achieving "Sachidananda". He emphasized that education is not intellectual development alone; it should also develop aesthetic nature and creativity among children. Further, he envisaged that education given to our children should aim at the following:
- encourage and foster freedom of thought, independent spirit and free will,
- promote moral and spiritual development of an individual, and liberate him from different kinds of bondages
- develop the ability of assimilation and application of new ideas and knowledge, and the ability of thinking and imagination
- make the younger generation aware of their national cultural heritage and grasp its significance for them; enable them to appreciate the cultures of other countries too and also to learn from them. -
- make Indian men and women more rational and less subject to meaningless social and individual rituals.
- help students to acquire 'scientific temper'. In other words, to stimulate constructive doubt, the love of mental adventure, the coverage and longing to conquer the world by enterprise and boldness in thought
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