IGNOU BSC PHE 9 Optics Solved Assignment ENGLISH
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PHE 9: Optics
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| Title Name | IGNOU BSC PHE 9 Optics Solved Assignment ENGLISH |
|---|---|
| Type | Soft Copy (E-Assignment) .pdf |
| University | IGNOU |
| Degree | BACHELOR DEGREE PROGRAMMES |
| Course Code | BSC |
| Course Name | Bachelor in Science |
| Subject Code | PHE 9 |
| Subject Name | Optics |
| Year | 2026 |
| Session | - |
| Language | ENGLISH |
| Assignment Code | PHE 9/Assignment-1/2026 |
| Product Description | Assignment of BSC (Bachelor in Science) 2026. Latest PHE 09 2026 Solved Assignment Solutions |
| Format | Ready-to-Print PDF (.soft copy) |
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PHE 09 (January 2026 - July 2026) - ENGLISH
Tutor Marked Assignment
PHE-09: Optics
Course Code: PHE-09
Assignment Code: PHE-09/TMA/2026
Max. Marks: 100
Note: Attempt all questions. The marks for each question are indicated against it.
Symbols have their usual meanings.
1. a) The sodium lamp used in a physics laboratory gives out light uniformly. Suppose that the lamp uses 40 W. Calculate the magnitude of electric field.
b) Describe polarisation of light by reflection. How does degree of polarisation vary with angle of incidence of light?
c) Discuss the concept of missing orders with reference to double slit diffraction pattern.
d) Depict spatial evolution of Fresnel diffraction pattern.
2. a) Obtain expressions for reflection and transmission amplitude coefficients when electric vector associated with a plane monochromatic electromagnetic wave which is in the plane of incidence.
b) Obtain an expression for elliptically polarised light resulting due to superposition of two orthogonal linearly polarised light waves. Show that plane polarised light and circularly polarised light are special cases of elliptically polarised light.
3. a) Obtain the expression for shift in fringes when a thin transparent sheet is introduced in the path of one of the waves in a double slit interference experiment.
b) A plano-convex lens of radius 1.0 m is placed on an optically flat glass plate and is illuminated by an extended monochromatic source. Assume that the point of contact is perfect. The diameters of the and
dark rings in the reflected light are
and
. Next, the space between the lens and the glass plate is filled with a liquid. The diameter of the
ring changes to
. Calculate the refractive index of the liquid when the ring is (i) dark, and (ii) bright, if the wavelength of light is
.
4. a) A plane light wave of wavelength 580 nm falls on a long narrow slit of width 0.5 mm. (i) Calculate the angles of diffraction for the first two minima. (ii) How are these angles influenced if the width of slit is changed to 0.2 mm? (iii) If a convex lens of focal length 0.15 m is now placed after the slit, calculate the separation between the second minima on either side of the central maximum.
b) Discuss Rayleigh's criterion for resolving power of an optical instrument. Obtain an expression for resolving power of a microscope.
5. a) An atomic system consisting of two energy levels, with population of higher energy level less than that of the lower level, is in thermal equilibrium. Show that the absorption of radiation dominates stimulated emission if radiation of appropriate frequency is introduced into the system. Comment on the consequences of this fact for laser action.
b) Two energy levels of an atomic system are separated by energy corresponding to frequency 3.0 × 10¹⁴ Hz. Assume that all atoms are in one or the other of these two energy levels, compute the fraction of atoms in the upper energy level at temperature 400 K. Take k_B = 1.38 × 10⁻²³ JK⁻¹ and h = 6.6 × 10⁻³⁴ Js.
c) The refractive indices of the core and cladding materials of an optical fibre are 1.51 and 1.39, respectively. Calculate the numerical aperture and light gathering capacity of the fibre.
PHE 09 (January 2026 - July 2026) - HINDI
अध्यापक जाँच सत्रीय कार्य
प्रकाशिकी
पाठ्यक्रम कोड : PHE - 09
सत्रीय कार्य कोड : PHE - 09 / TMA / 2026
अधिकतम अंक : 100
नोट : सभी प्रश्न हल करें। प्रत्येक प्रश्न के अंक उसके सामने दिए गए हैं। प्रतीकों के अपने सामान्य अर्थ हैं।
1. क) भौतिकी प्रयोगशाला में प्रयुक्त 40 W का सोडियम लैम्प अपने चारों ओर एकसमान प्रकाश उत्सर्जित करता है। विद्युत क्षेत्र का परिमाण परिकलित करें।
ख) परावर्तन द्वारा प्रकाश ध्रुवण की व्याख्या करें। आपतित प्रकाश के आपतन कोण पर ध्रुवण की निर्भरता की समीक्षा करें।
ग) द्वि-रेखाछिद्र विवर्तन पैटर्न में लुप्त क्रमों की व्याख्या करें।
घ) फ्रेनल विवर्तन पैटर्न का स्थानीय विकास चित्रित करें।
2. क) यदि समतल एकवर्णी विद्युत्-चुंबकीय तरंग के संगत विद्युत् क्षेत्र सदिश आपतन तल में हो तो परावर्तन तथा पारगमन आयाम गुणांकों के व्यंजक व्युत्पन्न करें।
ख) दो समतल ध्रुवित लंबवत् प्रकाश तरंगों के अध्यारोपण के फलस्वरूप उत्पन्न दीर्घवृत्तीय ध्रुवित प्रकाश के लिए व्यंजक प्राप्त करें। सिद्ध करें कि समतल ध्रुवित प्रकाश तथा वृत्तीय ध्रुवित प्रकाश, दीर्घवृत्तीय ध्रुवित प्रकाश की विशेष स्थितियां हैं।
3. क) द्विक-रेखाछिद्र प्रयोग में प्रयुक्त दो प्रकाश पुंजों में से एक प्रकाश पुंज के पथ में एक पतली पारदर्शी पट्टिका रख दी जाती है। फ्रिंज प्रतिरूप विस्थापन का व्यंजक प्राप्त करें।
ख) त्रिज्या वाला एक समतल-उत्तल लेंस एक समतल ग्लास प्लेट पर रखा है तथा इसे एक विस्तारित एकवर्णी स्रोत द्वारा प्रदीप्त किया जाता है। मान लें कि संपर्क बिन्दु आदर्श है। परावर्तित प्रकाश में 10वें तथा 5वें अदीप्त वलयों का व्यास क्रमशः
तथा
है। यदि लेंस तथा ग्लास प्लेट के बीच के स्थान को एक द्रव द्वारा भर दिया जाता है तो 5वें वलय का व्यास परिवर्तित होकर
हो जाता है। यदि प्रयुक्त प्रकाश का तरंगदैर्ध्य
है तो द्रव का अपवर्तनांक परिकलित करें जब वलय (i) अदीप्त तथा (ii) दीप्त है।
4. क) तरंगदैर्ध्य वाली समतल प्रकाश तरंग एक लंबी रेखाछिद्र, जिसकी चौड़ाई
है, पर आपतित होती है। (i) प्रथम दो निम्निष्ठों के लिए विवर्तन कोण परिकलित करें। (ii) यदि रेखाछिद्र की चौड़ाई बदलकर
कर दी जाए तो ये कोण किस प्रकार प्रभावित होंगे? (iii) अब यदि रेखाछिद्र के बाद
फोकस दूरी वाला एक उत्तल लेंस रख दिया जाए तो केन्द्रिय उच्चिष्ठ के दोनों ओर द्वितीय निम्निष्ठों के बीच दूरी परिकलित करें।
ख) एक प्रकाशिक यंत्र की विभेदन क्षमता के लिए रैले निकष की चर्चा करें। एक सूक्ष्मदर्शी के लिए विभेदन क्षमता का व्यंजक व्युत्पन्न करें।
5. क) दो ऊर्जा स्तरों वाली एक परमाण्वीय निकाय, जिसमें उच्च ऊर्जा स्तर की जनसंख्या न्यून ऊर्जा स्तर की जनसंख्या से कम है, तापीय साम्यावस्था में हैं। सिद्ध करें कि यदि उपयुक्त आवृत्ति का विकिरण निकाय में प्रेषित किया जाए तो विकिरण का अवशोषण, उद्दीपित उत्सर्जन से अधिक होगा। इस तथ्य का लेसर प्रक्रिया पर होने वाले असर पर टिप्पणी करें।
ख) किसी परमाण्वीय निकाय के दो ऊर्जा स्तर के बीच ऊर्जा अंतराल आवृत्ति के संगत है। मान लें कि निकाय के सभी परमाणु इन दोनों में से किसी एक ऊर्जा स्तर में स्थित हैं।
तापमान पर उच्च ऊर्जा स्तर में स्थित परमाणुओं की संख्या परिकलित करें। दिया गया है :
तथा
|
ग) किसी प्रकाशिक तंतु के क्रोड तथा अधिपट्टन पदार्थों के अपवर्तनांक क्रमशः 1.51 तथा 1.39 हैं। तंतु की सांख्यिकीय द्वारक तथा प्रकाश संग्रहण क्षमता परिकलित करें।
PHE 9 2025 - English
Tutor Marked Assignment
OPTICS
Course Code: PHE-09
Assignment Code: PHE-09/TMA/2025
Max. Marks: 100
Note: Attempt all questions. Symbols have their usual meanings. The marks for each question are indicated against it. Your answers to descriptive questions should be in your own words.
1. Answer any four parts:
a) Write down Maxwell's field equations for free space and obtain expressions for velocity of electromagnetic waves.
b) Discuss the significance of accommodation and convergence of human eye in respect of perception of light.
c) Discuss, with necessary theory, how is interference pattern in Young's double slit experiment modified when a thin glass plate is introduced in the path of one of the interference waves?
d) 'Diffraction limits the image forming capability of optical devices'. Discuss the authenticity of this statement for the particular case of a microscope.
e) Discuss the importance of hologram in (i) information storage, and (ii) pattern recognition.
2. a) A plane e.m. wave is incident normally on an interface. Obtain expressions for reflection and transmission coefficients.
b) Show that superposition of two linearly polarised light waves having different amplitudes and a finite phase difference can be used to produce elliptically plane polarised waves.
c) How is image formed on the retina of human eye processed by human brain? Discuss.
3. a) Discuss the principle of Michelson interferometer. How can it be used to determine the refractive index of a thin plate and wavelength of monochromatic light?
b) Show that the radius of a dark Newton's ring is directly proportional to the square root of the radius of curvature of the lens used.
c) The inclined faces of a glass biprism (µ = 1.5) make an angle of 1° with its base. The biprism is illuminated by a sodium lamp (2. = 589 nm) and the eye piece is at a distance of 1 m from the slit. A convex lens inserted between the biprism and the eye piece gives clear images of coherent sources in the focal plane of the eye piece. If the images are 0.4 cm apart in one case and 0.16 cm apart in the second case, calculate the width of interference fringes observed on the screen.
4. A vertical single and double slits and illuminated by a point source. Discuss the salient features of their Fraunhofer diffraction patterns. Also, obtain an expression for intensity distribution in case of double slit.
5. a) Discuss applications of lasers in medicine and communication.
b) Define numerical aperture and angle of acceptance. An optical fiber has a numerical aperture of 0.20 and cladding refractive index of 1.59. Calculate the refractive index of the core material and the acceptance angle of the fibre in water whose refractive index is 1.33.
c) Discuss lasing action of a He-Ne laser.
PHE 9 2025 - Hindi
सत्रीय कार्य
अध्यापक जांच सत्रीय कार्य
प्रकाशिकी
पाठ्यक्रम कोड: PHE-09
सत्रीय कार्य कोड: PHE-09/TMA/2025
अधिकतम अंक: 100
नोट: सभी प्रश्नों के उत्तर दें। प्रतीकों के अर्थ सामान्य हैं। प्रत्येक प्रश्न के अंक उसके साथ दिए गए हैं। वर्णनात्मक प्रश्नों के आपके उत्तर अपने शब्दों में होने चाहिए।
1.किन्हीं चार भागों के उत्तर दें :
क)निर्वात के लिए मैक्सवेल क्षेत्र समीकरण लिखें तथा विद्युत्-चुम्बकीय तरंगों के वेग का व्यंजक प्राप्त करें।
ख) मानविक नेत्रों की संमजन क्षमता तथा अभिसरण के महत्त्वों की प्रकाश अवगम के संदर्भ में विवेचना करें।
ग) यंग के द्वि-छिद्र व्यत्तिकरण चित्राम में किसी एक प्रकाश तरंग के पथ में एक पतली पारदर्शी पट्टिका रखने पर किस प्रकार परिवर्धन होता है? उपयुक्त सिद्धांत भी बतायें।
घ) "विवर्तन के कारण प्रकाशीय युक्ति की प्रतिबिम्ब बनाने की क्षमता सीमित हो जाती है"। इस कथन की सार्थकता की सूक्ष्मदर्शी के संदर्भ में चर्चा करें।
ड.) होलाग्राम के महत्त्व का (i) सूचना संग्रह तथा (ii) पैटर्न अभिज्ञान के लिए व्याख्या करें।
2.क) दो माध्यमों के अंतरपृष्ठ पर विद्युत चुम्बकीय तरंगें अभिलंबतः लागू होती हैं। परावर्तित एवं परागत गुणों का व्यंजक प्राप्त करें।
ख) सिद्ध कीजिए कि विभिन्न आयाम परंतु परिमित कलान्तर की दो रैखिकतः ध्रुवित प्रकाश तरंगों के अध्यारोपण से हमें दीर्घवृत्तीय ध्रुवित तरंगे प्राप्त होती हैं।
ग) समझाएं कि मानव नेत्र के रेटिना पर बने प्रतिबिंब को हमारा मस्तिष्क कैसे प्रक्रमित करता है?
3. क) माइकेल्सन व्यतिकरणमापी की कार्य प्रणाली की चर्चा करें। इसे एक पतली प्लेट के अपवर्तनांक के निर्धारण के लिए किस प्रकार प्रयोग किया जाता है।
ख) सिद्ध करें कि न्यूटन के अदीप्त वलय की त्रिज्या समतली-उत्तल लेंस के वक्रता त्रिज्या के वर्गमूल के समानुपाती है।
ग) कांच के द्विक-प्रिज्म (µ = 1.5) के नत फलक आधार के साथ 1° का कोण बनाते हैं। द्विक-प्रिज्म को सोडियम लैम्प (λ= 589 nm) द्वारा प्रदीप्त किया जाता है तथा नेत्रिका रेखा छिद्र से 1m की दूरी पर है। नेत्रिका तथा द्विक प्रिज्म के बीच एक उत्तल लेंस रखने पर नेत्रिकी के फोकस समतल में कला संबद्ध स्रोत का प्रतिबिंब साफ-साफ दिखाई देता है। यदि प्रतिबिंब एक स्थिति में 0.4 cm की दूरी पर हो तथा दूसरी स्थिति में 0.16 cm दूर हो तो व्यतिकरण फ्रिन्जों की चौड़ाई परिकलित कीजिए।
4. क) एक उर्ध्वाधर एकल रेखाछिद्र तथा द्वि-रेखा छिद्रों को बिन्दु स्रोत द्वारा प्रदीप्त किया गया है। इनके फ्राउनहोफर विवर्तन चित्रामों के मुख्य लक्षणों का उल्लेख कीजिए। द्वि-रेखा छिद्र के लिए तीव्रता वितरण का व्यंजक भी व्युत्पन्न करें।
5. क) चिकित्सा एवं संचार में लेसरो के अनुप्रयोगों की चर्चा करें।
ख) संख्यात्मक द्वारक तथा स्वीकरण कोण परिभाषित करें। एक प्रकाशिक तंतु का संख्यात्मक द्वारक 0.20 तथा अधिपट्टन अपवर्तनांक 1.59 है। जल (µ 1.33) में तंतु के क्रोड अपवर्तनांक तथा = स्वीकरण कोण परिकलित कीजिए।
ग) लेबलित आलेख की सहायता से He-Ne लेसर में लेसरीकरण की व्याख्या कीजिए।
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Product Information
| Course Name | Bachelor in Science |
| Course Code | BSC |
| Subject Code | PHE 9 |
| Subject | Optics |
| Programme | BACHELOR DEGREE PROGRAMMES Courses |
| Language | ENGLISH |
| Material Type | Solved Assignment – Soft Copy / PDF |
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IGNOU PHE 9 2026 Solved Assignment
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Exam Preparation: Assignment material can also be useful for revising important concepts before the Term-End Examination.
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A Quick Tip for IGNOU Students
Assignments are an important part of the IGNOU evaluation process. Preparing themcarefully, understanding the questions, following the prescribed format and submittingthem within the applicable deadline can help you stay on track academically.
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