Hemiptera is an economically important order of insects commonly known as true bugs, characterized by piercing and sucking mouthparts. The order is divided into several suborders, among which three are of major economic significance: Heteroptera, Homoptera (traditionally treated, though now split into groups like Auchenorrhyncha and Sternorrhyncha), and Auchenorrhyncha. These suborders include many pests of agricultural, horticultural, and forest crops, as well as vectors of plant diseases. Each suborder shows distinct morphological and biological characters that help in their identification and understanding of their economic impact. Heteroptera, commonly referred to as true bugs, are distinguished by the structure of their forewings, which are known as hemelytra. The basal half of the forewing is thickened and leathery, while the apical half is thin and membranous. At rest, the wings are held flat over the body, often forming a characteristic triangular scutellum on the