Women’s participation in anti-colonial movements represents a significant transformation in the relationship between gender and power. Colonial systems were not only political and economic structures of domination but also social systems that shaped gender relations. Women experienced oppression through both colonial rule and patriarchal norms within their own societies. Their involvement in anti-colonial struggles challenged colonial authority as well as traditional ideas about women’s roles, creating new spaces for female agency, leadership, and political participation. Anti-colonial movements across the world provided opportunities for women to enter the public sphere, which had often been restricted to men. Before these movements, women were frequently confined to domestic responsibilities and excluded from formal politics. However, resistance against colonial rule required mass participation, and women became active through protests, boycotts, revolutionary activities, social reforms, and political organizations. Their participation demonstrated that struggles for national freedom were also connected with struggles over gender identity, rights, and power. In India, women played an important role in the freedom movement against British colonial rule. During the nineteenth century, social reform movements began questioning practices that limited women’s education, mobility, and independence. These reforms created conditions for greater female participation in political life. Women gradually moved beyond traditional roles and became involved in nationalist activities. The anti-colonial movement allowed them to claim political authority and challenge patriarchal expectations. During the Swadeshi Movement of 1905, women participated in the boycott of foreign goods and promoted indigenous products. They organized meetings, spread nationalist ideas, and encouraged local production. Their involvement showed that political resistance was not limited to male activists. Women contributed to the creation of a collective national identity and became important agents in challenging colonial economic control. The Non-Cooperation Movement and Civil Disobedience Movement under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi witnessed large-scale participation of women. Gandhi encouraged women