What are parenterals? Describe its different routes of administration
Parenterals are pharmaceutical formulations that are administered directly into the body through routes other than the digestive tract. They are typically used for drugs that cannot be taken orally due to issues such as poor absorption, rapid degradation, or patient inability to swallow. Parenteral formulations ensure that the drug is delivered directly into the bloodstream, bypassing the gastrointestinal system, which can be advantageous for certain medications.
There are several routes of parenteral administration, each with its own advantages and limitations:
1. Intravenous (IV) Injection:
- The drug is directly injected into a vein, providing the fastest onset of action.
- Ideal for medications that require rapid and precise control over dosage.
- Commonly used for critical
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