Question
What is Cell Mediated Immune System (CMIS)? Briefly describe the mode of action of CMIS.
Answer :
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The Cell Mediated Immune System (CMIS) is a major component of the adaptive immune system that provides protection against intracellular pathogens such as viruses, certain bacteria, fungi, parasites, and abnormal cells including cancer cells. Unlike humoral immunity, which is mediated by antibodies produced by B lymphocytes, CMIS primarily depends on T lymphocytes and other immune cells to recognize and destroy infected or abnormal cells. It is especially important when pathogens enter and multiply inside host cells, where antibodies cannot easily reach them. Cell-mediated immunity also plays a significant role in graft rejection, delayed hypersensitivity reactions, and immune surveillance against tumors. The major cells involved in CMIS include T lymphocytes, antigen-presenting cells (APCs) such as macrophages and dendritic cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and various cytokines that regulate immune responses. T lymphocytes are produced in the bone marrow but mature in the thymus,
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