Question
What is biodiversity hotspot? Why is India considered as a mega biodiversity hotspot?
Answer :
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A biodiversity hotspot is a region that is rich in biodiversity but also highly threatened by human activities. To qualify as a biodiversity hotspot, a region must meet two criteria:
1. It must have at least 1,500 species of vascular plants as endemics (species that are not found anywhere else).
2. It must have lost at least 70% of its original natural vegetation due to deforestation or other environmental pressures.
Biodiversity hotspots are crucial for global ecological balance, as they support a wide range of unique species and ecosystems. They play a vital role in climate regulation, water
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