Food security is a multidimensional concept that ensures all individuals, at all times, have physical, social, and economic access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and preferences for an active and healthy life. It is not only about availability of food but also about accessibility, affordability, and proper utilization of food resources. Food security is considered a key element of social policy as it directly impacts health, productivity, poverty alleviation, and overall social development. In the Indian context, food security is of special importance given the country’s large population, significant poverty levels, and recurring agrarian challenges. To address these concerns in a structured manner, the Government of India enacted the National Food Security Act (NFSA) in 2013, which represents a landmark step towards providing food as a legal right to citizens. The National Food Security Act 2013 aims to provide subsidized food grains to a significant portion of the population by converting existing food security programs into a legal entitlement. It marked a paradigm shift in social policy by moving from welfare-based schemes to a rights-based approach, thereby making the state legally accountable for ensuring food security. One of its salient features is that it covers up to 75 percent of the rural population and up to 50 percent of the urban population, thereby covering about two-thirds of India’s total population. This wide coverage reflects the government’s recognition of widespread food insecurity and malnutrition, and its commitment to tackling it systematically. Another important feature of the Act is the entitlement of food grains. Under the NFSA, eligible households are entitled to receive 5 kilograms of food grains per person per month at highly subsidized rates: rice at Rs. 3 per kg, wheat at Rs. 2 per kg, and coarse grains at Rs. 1 per kg. For the Antyodaya Anna Yojana (AAY) households, which are the poorest of the poor, the entitlement is even higher, with 35 kilograms of food grains per household per month at the same subsidized rates. This provision ensures both quantity and affordability of essential staples, thereby contributing to nutritional adequacy for vulnerable sections of society. The Act also integrates other food and nutrition-related schemes into its framework. It includes provisions for maternity entitlements and nutritional support to women and children, thereby linking food security with