Safety Management System (SMS) documentation is an essential part of industrial safety management because it provides a systematic record of safety policies, procedures, responsibilities, risk controls, and emergency arrangements. Proper documentation ensures that safety activities are planned, implemented, monitored, and continuously improved. The documentation process generally begins with the preparation of a clearly defined safety policy. This document states the organisation’s commitment to preventing accidents, protecting workers and the environment, complying with legal requirements, and maintaining safe working conditions. The policy is communicated to employees and reviewed periodically. A major component of SMS documentation is risk assessment. Industries maintain records identifying hazards, evaluating the likelihood and severity of possible incidents, and determining appropriate control measures. Documents such as Job Safety Analysis (JSA), Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment (HIRA), and risk registers are maintained and updated whenever there are changes in processes, equipment, materials, or working conditions. Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs), work instructions, permit-to-work procedures, and safe operating practices are also documented. These documents explain how particular tasks should be performed safely