Question
What are different mechanisms that contribute to the relaxation of nuclear spins in the excited state? Explain any one of them.
Answer :
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When nuclear spins are excited by absorption of radiofrequency energy, they return to thermal equilibrium through several relaxation mechanisms that dissipate the excess energy. The important mechanisms include spin–lattice (longitudinal) relaxation, spin–spin (transverse) relaxation, dipole–dipole interactions, chemical shift anisotropy, quadrupolar relaxation, spin–rotation interaction, relaxation due to paramagnetic impurities, and cross-relaxation between nearby nuclei. Spin–lattice relaxation is one of the most fundamental mechanisms. In this process, the
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