In object-oriented programming, a base class is a class that serves as a foundation for one or more derived classes. A derived class, on the other hand, inherits properties and behaviors from its base class and can also have additional features or modifications. This concept facilitates code reuse and supports the creation of a hierarchy of related classes.

Let's create a base class called `Stack` and a derived class called `MyStack` in C++. The base class will contain the basic operations of a stack, such as push and pop, and the derived class will inherit these operations while providing additional functionality if needed.

```cpp
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

class Stack {
protected:
    std::vector<int> stack; // Using a vector to store stack elements

public:
    void push(int value) {
        stack.push_back(value);
        std::cout << "Pushed: " << value << std::endl;
    }

    void pop() {
        if (!stack.empty()) {
            int poppedValue = stack.back();