IGNOU DECE 3 2017 - Preventing impairments from becoming disabilities

Question

Preventing impairments from becoming disabilities

08 Mar 2018

Answer :

Word Count : 896

Prevention at three levels

Primary Prevention – Action taken prior to the onset of the disease/disability, which will remove the possibility that a disease/disability will occur.
Secondary Prevention – Action, which halts the progress of the disease/disability at its incipient stage and prevents complications. The specific interventions are early diagnosis and adequate treatment.
Tertiary Prevention – All measures available to reduce or limit impairments and disabilities, and minimize suffering caused by existing disability. This phase is also called rehabilitation, which includes physical, psychosocial and vocational measures taken to restore the patient back to normal or near normal condition

It is extremely important that the women undertake adequate and effective preventive measures during their pregnancy and immediate postnatal period and also for their children especially during the early childhood period, in order to significantly reduce the incidence of impairment and disabilities in them. Therefore, in this chapter examples of easily understood primary preventive measures, for mother and child are summarized.

General Preventive Measures

Marriage between very close blood relations like uncle, niece, first cousin should be avoided for prevention of hereditary disorders.
Avoid pregnancies before the age of 18 years and after the age of 35 years.
Consult a doctor before planning the pregnancy;

If there is incidence of birth defects

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