Canada plays a distinctive role in the international political economy due to its combination of economic resources, political stability, and active engagement in multilateral institutions. As one of the world’s largest economies, Canada participates in global trade, investment, and financial systems while maintaining a liberal democratic framework that supports open markets and rule-based governance. Its economic policies and international agreements reflect a balance between promoting domestic growth and integrating with the global economy. Trade is central to Canada’s role in the international political economy. The country has historically relied on trade with major partners such as the United States, China, and the European Union, and it has sought to diversify its trade relationships through comprehensive agreements like the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) with the EU and the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA). These agreements not only facilitate the movement of goods and services but also influence labor standards, environmental regulations, and intellectual property rules, demonstrating Canada’s influence in shaping the rules of global trade. Its approach emphasizes both economic liberalization and regulatory standards, positioning Canada as a mediator between purely market-driven and socially responsible trade practices. Canada’s engagement with international financial institutions further