Liver cirrhosis
The typical management of cirrhosis involves medications (eg, lactulose) that decrease the absorption of ammonia, a compound that is a main cause of hepatic encephalopathy. Dietary changes, such as the use of vegetable protein instead of animal protein, may also lower blood ammonia levels.2,3 Probiotic treatments may have a similar effect. Nutrition therapy, particularly with branched-chain amino acids, can also help support patients who are losing weight due to poor appetite and may improve survival.
A sodium-restricted diet is standard treatment. A 2000 mg sodium-restricted diet is effective, when combined with diuretic therapy, for controlling fluid overload in 90% of patients with cirrhosis and ascites.4 Evidence also indicates that sodium-restricted diets improve survival.5
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