IGNOU MFN 4 2026 2027 - List the different components of energy expenditure. Define BMR

Question

List the different components of energy expenditure. Define BMR and briefly discuss the
factors which influence BMR.
b) Write the functions of following:
i) Selenium
ii) Chromium
iii) Manganese
(4)

17 Jul 2026

Answer :

Word Count : 304

Energy expenditure in the human body consists of different components that determine the total energy requirement of an individual. The major components include Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR), thermic effect of food, physical activity energy expenditure, and adaptive thermogenesis. BMR contributes the largest part of daily energy expenditure and represents the energy required to maintain essential body functions at complete rest. Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) is defined as the minimum amount of energy required by the body to maintain vital physiological functions such as respiration, circulation, maintenance of body temperature, and cellular activities while the person is in a resting state,

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