Justify the position of hydrogen atom in both the groups, Group 1and Group 17.
1)Hydrogen is the first element in the periodic table.
2)It is the lightest element known.
3)It atomic form exists only at high temperature.
4)It exist as a diatomic molecule i.e. H2 .That is why it is also called dihydrogen.
5) It was discovered by Henry Cavendish in 1766.
6) Its electronic configuration is 1s1
Unique position of Hydrogen in periodic table
A proper position could not be assigned to it because of the following reason:
1) In some properties it resembles alkali metals.As such, it can be placed in group 1 of the periodic table along with alkali metals.
2) In some other properties, hydrogen resembles halogens.As such, it can be placed in group 17 along with halogens.
3) In some hydrogen differs from both alkali metals and halogens.
Resemblance with alkali metals
Hydrogen resembles alkali metals i.e. Li , K , Na , K, Rb ,Cs and Fr of group 1 of the periodic table.
1) Electronic configuration : Like alkali metals, hydrogen also contains 1 electron in its outermost shell.
Hydrogen 1s1
Lithium 1s2 2s1
Sodium 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1
2) Electropositive character: Like alkali metals ,hydrogen also loses its only electron to form hydrogen ion i.e. H+
H ——-> H+ + e‾
Na ———-> Na+ + e‾
Hydrogen like alkali metals exhibit electropositive character.
3) Oxidation State: Like alkali metals, hydrogen exhibits an oxidation state of +1 in its compounds.
H+ Cl‾
Na+ Cl‾
4) Combination with electronegative elements or non metals: Like alkali metals, hydrogen combines with electronegative elements such as oxygen ,halogen and sulphur forming their oxides ,halides and sulphide.
Oxides H2O like Na2O , K2O
Halides HCl like NaCl , KCl
Sulphides H2S like Na2S , K2S
5) Liberation at the cathode : When an aqueous solution of
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Which metals are called class ‘a’ elements or ‘hard acids’ and why?
Write the reactions for the following:
i) Reaction showing acidic behaviour of sulphur dioxide
ii) Reaction depicting the sulphonation by H2SO4
iii) Reactions of lead chambers during the manufacture of H2SO4 by Lead Chamber process
iv) Reaction distinguishing between peroxomonosulphuric acid and peroxodisulphuric acid
v) Reduction reaction of H2O2 with chlorine
Write down the names of the following complexes:
i) 
ii) [CoCl (NO2) (en)2] Cl
iii) K2(PtCl6]
Name the factors that affect the thermal stability of alkali metal salts. Explain the stability trend observed in case of nitrates of these metals.
Why boric acid is a very weak monobasic acid (pH = 9.25)? Explain with suitable equation.
How does the electronic configuration of ions vary with the configuration of their isoelectronic atoms. Explain by taking two examples. Indicate the electronic configuration of ions along the series.
Why suitable reducing agents are required for reduction of metal oxides? What are the
guidelines to choose a particular reducing agent?