Question
How is polypeptide chain synthesis initiated in prokaryotes?
Answer :
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Polypeptide chain synthesis in prokaryotes is initiated through a highly coordinated process that involves the ribosome, mRNA, tRNA, and several initiation factors. The process begins when the small ribosomal subunit binds to the mRNA at a specific sequence known as the Shine-Dalgarno sequence, which is located upstream of the start codon. This sequence aligns the start codon (usually AUG) with the ribosome’s P site, ensuring that translation begins at the correct position. The initiator tRNA, carrying a modified methionine called N-formylmethionine (fMet),
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