Question

Describe the relationship between growth spurt and nutritional requiremems during adolescence

07 Mar 2018
Answer :
Word Count : 1581

Adolescence—the transitional stage of development between childhood and adulthood—is associated with marked physical growth, reproductive maturation, and cognitive transformations. Physical changes begin in early adolescence during puberty, when sexual maturity is reached and reproduction is possible . Girls generally begin their adolescent growth spurt at an earlier age (9 years of age) than boys (11 years of age); the pubertal growth spurt lasts between two to four years, with the average rate of linear growth being 5-6 cm/year (2-2.4 in/year). Boys experience greater gains in height compared to girls because of a higher rate of growth and a longer growth spurt . Gains in linear growth are accompanied by increases in body weight and changes in body composition. Weight gain in girls typically happens six months following the greatest gains in linear growth, whereas weight gain in boys is usually coincident with increases in height. Throughout adolescence, boys gain more lean (fat-free) mass than girls, and girls experience greater increases in adiposity, which is required for normal menstruation . Moreover, approximately half of adult bone mass is obtained during adolescence, with boys experiencing greater gains in bone size and bone mass compared to girls For each micronutrient, an RDA or AI for adolescents aged 14 to 18 years are set. These recommendations are gender specific to account for the unique nutritional needs of males and females as they undergo the physiological changes of adolescence. The table below, RDA for micronutrients, Ages 14 to 18 Years, lists the RDA for each micronutrient by gender. The RDA should be used in the planning of diets for individuals. A more detailed discussion of the requirements of certain micronutrients for adolescents can be found below.

Dietary Reference Intakes Set by the FNB: RDA for Micronutrients During Adolescence, Ages 14 to 18 Years, Per Day

Micronutrient

Males

Females

Biotin

25 mcg (AI)

25 mcg (AI)

Folate

400 mcga

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