Question
Explain the process of monitoring and evaluation in MCH programmes. Discuss key indicators used.
Answer :
Word Count : 950
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मातृ एवं शिशु स्वास्थ्य कार्यक्रमों में मॉनिटरिंग तथा मूल्यांकन एक सतत एवं योजनाबद्ध प्रक्रिया है, जिसके माध्यम से कार्यक्रमों की प्रगति, प्रभावशीलता तथा गुणवत्ता का आकलन किया जाता है। इन कार्यक्रमों का उद्देश्य गर्भवती महिलाओं, नवजात शिशुओं, शिशुओं तथा बच्चों के स्वास्थ्य स्तर में सुधार करना, मातृ एवं शिशु मृत्यु दर को कम करना तथा पोषण एवं प्रतिरक्षण सेवाओं को प्रभावी बनाना होता है। मॉनिटरिंग और मूल्यांकन के माध्यम से यह सुनिश्चित किया जाता है कि कार्यक्रम अपने निर्धारित उद्देश्यों के अनुरूप कार्य कर रहे हैं या नहीं। मॉनिटरिंग वह प्रक्रिया है जिसमें कार्यक्रम की गतिविधियों की नियमित निगरानी की जाती है। इसमें यह देखा जाता है कि संसाधनों का उपयोग सही ढंग से हो रहा है या नहीं, सेवाएँ समय पर उपलब्ध हो रही हैं या नहीं तथा निर्धारित लक्ष्यों की दिशा में प्रगति हो रही है या नहीं। मॉनिटरिंग निरंतर चलने वाली प्रक्रिया है, जो कार्यक्रम के दौरान ही की जाती है। इसके माध्यम से समस्याओं की शीघ्र पहचान कर आवश्यक सुधार किए जा सकते हैं। मूल्यांकन एक व्यापक प्रक्रिया है, जिसके अंतर्गत किसी कार्यक्रम की प्रभावशीलता, उपयोगिता तथा परिणामों का विश्लेषण किया जाता है। यह सामान्यतः कार्यक्रम के मध्य या अंत में किया जाता है। मूल्यांकन से यह पता चलता है कि कार्यक्रम ने अपने उद्देश्यों को किस सीमा तक प्राप्त किया है तथा समाज पर
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