Case work is a professional method of social work that focuses on helping individuals resolve personal, social, emotional, and environmental problems. It is based on scientific knowledge, professional skills, ethical values, and a systematic process. The effectiveness of case work largely depends on the application of its principles and the quality of the client-worker relationship. These principles guide social workers in providing appropriate and meaningful assistance while respecting the client's dignity and individuality. One of the most important principles of case work is individualization. Every client is unique and has different experiences, needs, strengths, and problems. A social worker should avoid generalizations and understand each client according to his or her specific circumstances. For example, two adolescents showing aggressive behaviour may require different interventions because one may be facing family conflict while the other may be experiencing academic stress. The principle of acceptance requires the worker to accept the client as he or she is without prejudice or discrimination. Acceptance does not mean approving undesirable behaviour but recognizing the client's inherent worth and dignity. For instance, a social worker assisting a person with substance abuse should treat the client with respect rather than judging or criticizing the addiction. The principle of non-judgmental attitude emphasizes that the worker should not blame or condemn the client for past actions or present conditions. This creates an environment where clients feel safe to discuss sensitive issues openly. A woman experiencing domestic violence, for example, should not be blamed for staying in an abusive relationship but should receive empathetic support. Purposeful expression of feelings encourages clients to express their emotions freely. The worker should listen carefully, understand emotional experiences, and provide opportunities for emotional release.