IGNOU MPY 1 2017 2018 - Explain the Mimamsa theory of knowledge in detail.

Question

Explain the Mimamsa theory of knowledge in detail.

12 Jan 2018

Answer :

Word Count : 998

The word Mimamsa is derived from the Sanskrit verbal root à¤®à¤¨à¥ to know and its derivative (desiderative) root à¤®à¤¿à¤®à¤‚à¤¸ – the desire to know. Mimamsa means critical inquiry or exegesis. Purva Mimamsa (PM) means earlier inquiry. This is in contrast to Uttara Mimamsa or later inquiry. The earlier / later terminology may not necessarily indicate chronology. It may perhaps be regarded as a prerequisite for Uttara Mimamsa. Sage Jaimini, the author of Purva Mimamsa Sutras appears to be a contemporary of Sage Badarayana, the author of Uttara Mimamsa or Vedanta Sutras. It appears that they had a teacher-pupil relationship. Purva Mimamsa is also known as Dharma Mimamsa and Karma Mimamsa; it strongly defends Vedic ritualism. As these names indicate, this philosophy is highly ritualistic at root. It is the most religious of the Darshanas. Vedic ritualism was regarded as a stepping stone to knowing the transcendent Brahman. Jaimini Sutras is a work in 12 chapters and the main commentator on the Sutras is Shabaraswamy. However, two schools of Purva Mimamsa developed under Kumarila Bhatta and Prabhakara whose interpretation of Jaimini differs in some aspects.

Purva Mimamsa Epistemology admits Knowledge as being self evident and accepts 6 ways of obtaining it. Knowledge is of two kinds – immediate and mediate. The six means are Sense perception, Comparison, Inference, Testimony, Postulation and non-perception. The Prabhakara School does not accept non-perception as an independent means of knowledge. Broadly speaking, PM epistemology is in general agreement with Nyaya and the Advaita Vedantins have adopted all 6 means of PM into their epistemology. Valid knowledge, according to PM, should yield hitherto unknown data which is not contradicted by other means of knowledge and not arising out of defective circumstances such as defective senses or the environment that generates such knowledge.

Pratyaksha – Sense Perception: It is immediate knowledge that arises from the contact of the senses with a real object through the mediation of the mind. The mind interprets the impressions of sense perception from past experiences. This knowledge is processed in two steps.

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